### Backstep Escape: A Comprehensive Guide The backstep escape is a technique widely used in Brazilian Jiu Jitsu, especially when you're caught in positions where an opponent is trying to pass your guard or achieve a dominant position over you, like during a half guard pass. --- ### **Prerequisites** - **Position**: Typically executed from the **Half Guard**. - **Japanese Name**: N/A - **Top or Bottom**: **Bottom** position, aiming to regain control or create space for subsequent escapes or attacks. --- ### **Step-by-Step Instructions** #### **1. Understanding the Position** - **Situation**: You're in the bottom half guard, and your opponent is attempting to pass. #### **2. Securing a Strong Frame** - **Objective**: Prevent your opponent from closing the distance. - **Arm Positioning**: Use your top arm to post on their shoulder, neck, or chest to keep them away. Your other arm should control your opponent's hip by placing your elbow against their hipbone. #### **3. Setting Up the Backstep** - **Leg Positioning**: If your right leg is entrapped, start by getting your left foot on the mat, positioning yourself to move swiftly. - **Knee Guidance**: Place your left knee pointing down but close to or against your opponent's ribs on the trapped side to help leverage the backstep. #### **4. Executing the Backstep** - **Initiate Movement**: Rotate your body towards your opponent's back, using your firmly planted left foot to push off. - **Kick Right Leg Backward**: Swing your right leg over and behind your left leg, like taking a big backstep, simultaneously moving your upper body backward. #### **5. Clearing Space** - **Continue Rotation**: Complete the rotation, keeping the frame strong, and push your hips high. - **Establish Position**: Land on your back with your hips facing the ceiling before actively engaging the shrimping technique (moving hips out to create space). #### **6. Regain Control** - **Switch to a Guard**: With the created space, quickly maneuver your trapped leg out. Transition into a more defensive guard position such as full guard or regain half guard with an improved frame. ### **Key Points to Remember** - **Timing**: Execute the backstep when your opponent is committed to advancing, and you feel you're losing the fight for underhooks and frames. - **Framing with Arms**: Essential to prevent your opponent from crushing in toward you and locking you down. - **Practice**: Drilling both sides will improve your adaptability against either side half guard passes. --- Mastering the backstep escape can drastically improve your defense in vulnerable positions and open numerous opportunities for you to regain control or even counter-attack. Remember, practice and timing are key to executing this technique effectively.