### Technique Name: Arm Bar
#### Possible Position(s)
- **Closed Guard**
- **Mount**
- **Back Mount**
- **Side Control**
#### Japanese Name
- **Juji Gatame (腕挫十字固, juji-gatame)**
### Execution Instructions:
#### From Closed Guard:
1. **Secure the Grip**
- Begin in closed guard position. Grab your opponent's sleeve or wrist with one hand.
- Use your other hand to secure a grip behind their head or at the elbow joint.
2. **Break Their Posture**
- Pull your opponent's arm across your body. At the same time, use your legs to break their posture by pulling them forward.
3. **Pivot and Adjust Hips**
- Place one foot on your opponent's hip on the side you're isolating the arm.
- Use this foot and your grips to pivot your hips toward the secured arm, creating an angle.
4. **Bring Leg Over the Opponent's Head**
- As you pivot, swing your opposite leg over your opponent’s head, placing it across their face and over their neck.
- Pull your heels down to control their posture.
5. **Secure the Arm**
- Ensure that the trapped arm is deep between your legs. The thumb should be pointing upwards.
6. **Apply the Submission**
- Squeeze your knees together tightly.
- Slowly lift your hips upward while pulling down on their wrist to hyperextend the elbow.
#### Key Points:
- Ensure the thumb is pointing up for maximum pressure on the elbow joint.
- Maintain control over your opponent's posture, especially by using your legs actively.
- The arm bar is about hip movement as much as it is about arm control.
#### Variations:
- You can start the arm bar from different positions, including mount, back mount, and side control.
- **Mount:** Transition by taking your opponent's arm across your body and swinging your same side leg over their head.
- **Side Control:** Attack the arm nearest to you by controlling it, then swing your leg over to secure the arm bar.
##### Safety Tips:
- Always apply pressure slowly to give your opponent time to tap.
- Ensure your hips are lifted gently to increase tension over the elbow joint.
This technique has versatility, adding to its effectiveness in various competition scenarios and self-defense situations.